ֲý

Suken A. Shah, MD

Orthopedics

Primary Office

ֲý Children's Hospital, Delaware ֲý Children's Hospital, Delaware 1600 Rockland Road Wilmington, DE 19803 Appointment: (800) 416-4441

Other Offices

Get to Know Me

In addition to my work as a pediatric orthopedic surgeon, the Shands/MacEwen Endowed Chair of Orthopaedic Surgery at ֲý Children’s Hospital, Delaware, and division chief of the ֲý Spine and Scoliosis Center, I help educate the next generation of orthopedic physicians. I am the Clinical Fellowship Director Emeritus for the orthopedics department at ֲý Children’s Hospital, Delaware. I train residents, fellows and visiting observers in advanced spinal deformity techniques. I’m a professor of orthopedic surgery and pediatrics at Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, and frequently teach and lecture at national and international courses, educational symposia, conferences and other institutions. I am vice president of the Scoliosis Research Society, president of Setting Scoliosis Straight Foundation, a member of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America and a member of the Medical and Scientific Board of the National Spine Health Foundation. In addition, I have authored more than 200 research articles and 30 book chapters, and serve as a reviewer of four journals.

Why I Treat Children

Children are amazing. They just want to get better so they can get back to being kids. I enjoy giving each patient and family the personalized and customized attention they need, and making sure their questions are answered. There’s no template for this kind of care.

What I'm Passionate About

I’m proud to be at ֲý Children’s Hospital, Delaware. We handle the most complex cases and teach the techniques other people come here to learn to do. Every person in our department is a national leader in his or her field. You couldn’t duplicate a group like this. It’s a real privilege to work with a team this good.

Education & Training

Fellowship

  • Pediatric Orthopedics - ֲý/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 2000

Internship

  • Pennsylvania Hospital, 1995

Residency

  • Orthopedics - Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 1999

Medical/Dental School

  • MD - Thomas Jefferson University - Medical College, 1994

Board Certifications

  • American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery

Awards & Recognition

  • 2015 Philadelphia magazine, Top Doctors
  • 2015 Best Doctor in America
  • 2015 American British Canadian (ABC) Traveling Fellowship by the American Orthopaedic Association
  • 2014 Best Doctors in America
  • 2014 Delaware Today magazine, Top Doctors
  • 2014 Philadelphia magazine, Top Doctors
  • 2014 SJ Magazine, Top Doctors
  • 2011 Best Doctors in America
  • 2009 Best Doctors in America
  • 2007 Best Doctors in America
  • 2007 Best Doctors in America

Insurance Accepted

  • Aetna Better Health PA Kids HMO
  • Aetna HMO
  • Aetna PPO/EPO/POS
  • Aetna PPO/POS/EPO
  • Amerihealth Caritas DE - PENNSYLVANIA SPECIALISTS ONLY
  • Amerihealth Caritas Delaware
  • Carefirst MD Community Health Plan Mcaid
  • Cigna & Great West PPO
  • Cigna/Great West HMO EPO POS
  • Cigna/Great West PPO
  • Delaware First Health
  • Delaware Medicaid/Diamond State
  • Delaware Medicare
  • Devon Health Services
  • Fidelis Care NJ Medicaid HMO
  • First Health PPO
  • First Health/Affordable PPO
  • Geisinger Health Plan Commercial
  • Global Medical Managment DE/PA
  • Global Medical Mangment NJ
  • Health Partners Medicaid/Kidz Partner HMO
  • Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield of Delaware
  • Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield of Delaware *PA Loc Contiguous to DE*
  • Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield of Delaware *PA Loc NONContiguous to DE*
  • Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield of Pennsylvania
  • Highmark Medicaid Health Options
  • Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey
  • Independance Blue Cross/Amerihealth/Keystone Health Plan
  • Insurance Administrators of America
  • INTEGRA Administrative Group (ClaimsBridge)
  • Keystone First Medicaid HMO
  • Lifetrac Transplant
  • Maryland Medicaid
  • Multiplan PPO
  • New Jersey Medicaid
  • Olympus Managed Healthcare PPO DE/PA
  • Pennsylvania Medicaid
  • Plan Vista/NPPN PPO
  • Preferred Healthcare PPO
  • Private Health Care Systems (PHCS)
  • Qualcare HMO/POS/PPO
  • Star Healthcare Network
  • Three Rivers Provider Network
  • Tricare/Humana Military Health Services/CHAMPVA
  • United Healthcare of the Mid-Atlantic
  • UPMC MCAID/CHIP PA DE
  • UPMC Medicaid
  • US Family Health Plan
  • Wellpoint Maryland Medcaid

  • Fracture Management
  • Osteogenesis Imperfecta
  • Scoliosis
  • Spinal Deformities

Research Activities

We don’t have answers to a lot of orthopedic problems in children, but we’re working on them as hard as we can. That’s why I’m heavily focused on research. I have more than 45 research publications in peer-reviewed journals, written 17 book chapters, and served as a section editor of Orthopaedic Knowledge Update – 9, which is published by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. I also review content for four different medical journals.

Medical Interests

  • Cerebral palsy
  • Congenital scoliosis
  • Gait analysis
  • Kyphosis
  • Minimally invasive techniques
  • Neuromuscular scoliosis
  • Pediatric and adolescent sports medicine
  • Spinal deformity
  • Spondylolisthesis
  • Early onset scoliosis
  • Complex spinal deformities
  • Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

  • Updated Criteria for Fusion Level Selection in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Including Use of Three-Dimensional Analysis; Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; (2023).

  • Definitive fusions are better than growing rod procedures for juvenile patients with cerebral palsy and scoliosis: a prospective comparative cohort study; Spine Deformity; (2023).

  • Beware of open triradiate cartilage: 1 in 4 patients will lose > 10° of correction following posterior only fusion; Spine Deformity; (2023).

  • Does Transitioning to a Brace Improve HRQoL after Casting for Early Onset Scoliosis?; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2023).

  • Drain options after vertebral body tethering; Spine Deformity; (2023).

  • Influences of Increasing Pedicle Screw Diameter on Widening Vertebral Pedicle Size during Surgery in Spinal Deformities in Children and Adolescents without Higher Risk of Pedicle and Vertebral Breaches; Journal of Clinical Medicine; (2023).

  • Perioperative Complications and Health-related Quality of Life Outcomes in Severe Pediatric Spinal Deformity; Spine; (2023).

  • Intraoperative neuromonitoring predicts postoperative deficits in severe pediatric spinal deformity patients; Spine Deformity; (2023).

  • Late Infection After Spinal Fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Implant Exchange Versus Removal; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2023).

  • Low radius of curvature growth-friendly rib-based implants increase the risk of developing clinically significant proximal junctional kyphosis; Spine Deformity; (2023).

  • Management of Anticoagulation/Antiplatelet Medication and Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Elective Spine Surgery: Concise Clinical Recommendations Based on a Modified Delphi Process; Spine; (2023).

  • Medical complications and health-related quality of life in complex pediatric spine deformities exceeding 100 degrees or treated by 3CO; Spine Deformity; (2023).

  • Myelopathic Patients Undergoing Severe Pediatric Spinal Deformity Surgery Can Improve Neurologic Function to That of Non-Myelopathic Patients by 1-Year Postoperative; Global Spine Journal; (2023).

  • SRS-22r Self-Image after Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis at 10-year Follow-up; Spine; (2023).

  • Hip Displacement Does Not Change After Pelvic Obliquity Correction During Spinal Fusion in Children With Cerebral Palsy; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2023).

  • Spondylolysis Repair; Spondylolisthesis: Diagnosis, Non-Surgical Management, and Surgical Techniques: Second Edition; (2023).

  • Posterior cervical spinal fusion in the pediatric population using modern adult instrumentation — clinical outcome and safety; Child's Nervous System; (2023).

  • Preoperative left shoulder elevation > 1 cm is predictive of severe postoperative shoulder imbalance in early onset idiopathic scoliosis patients treated with growth-friendly instrumentation; Spine Deformity; (2023).

  • The Child's Age and the Size of the Curvature Do Not Affect the Accuracy of Screw Placement with the Free-Hand Technique in Spinal Deformities in Children and Adolescents; Journal of Clinical Medicine; (2023).

  • The Efficacy of a Posterior Approach to Surgical Correction for Neglected Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Comparative Analysis According to Health-Related Quality of Life, Pulmonary Function, Back Pain and Sexual Function; Children; (2023).

  • The Sanders Classification and Obesity: Do Obese Kids With AIS Present With More Advanced Skeletal Maturity?; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2023).

  • Transcranial electric motor evoked potential monitoring during scoliosis surgery in children with cerebral palsy and active seizure disorder: is it feasible and safe?; Spine Deformity; (2023).

  • What a Patient Sees in the Mirror: Validation of the Truncal Anterior Asymmetry Scoliosis Questionnaire; Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics; (2023).

  • When to Perform Fusion Short of the Pelvis in Patients with Cerebral Palsy?; JBJS Open Access; (2023).

  • Three different techniques for pelvic fixation in the management of neuromuscular scoliosis in nonambulatory spastic cerebral palsy: A comparative study of Galveston Rod, iliac screw, and sacroiliac screw; Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica; (2022).

  • Complications following surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a 10-year prospective follow-up study; Spine Deformity; (2022).

  • Pedicle Screw Plowing in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: How Common Is It and Is It a Problem?; Spine; (2022).

  • Preoperative factors associated with optimal outcomes of selective thoracic fusion at 5 years; Spine Deformity; (2022).

  • Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Pelvic Rod/Screw Radiographic Lucency Following Scoliosis Surgery in Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Longitudinal Study; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2022).

  • Spontaneous Lumbar Curve Correction Following Vertebral Body Tethering of Main Thoracic Curves; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery; (2022).

  • Surgical outcomes of severe spinal deformities exceeding 100° or treated by vertebral column resection (VCR). Does implant density matter?: an observational study of deformity groupings; Spine Deformity; (2022).

  • The Effect of Surgeon Experience on Outcomes Following Growth Friendly Instrumentation for Early Onset Scoliosis; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2022).

  • The role of satisfaction surveys: Offering an enhanced patient experience for optimum outcomes in the pediatric orthopaedic practice; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2022).

  • To tether or fuse? Significant equipoise remains in treatment recommendations for idiopathic scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2022).

  • Treatment of early-onset scoliosis: Similar outcomes despite different etiologic subtypes in traditional growing rod graduates; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2022).

  • Use of vancomycin powder in spinal deformity surgery in cerebral palsy patients is associated with proteus surgical site infections; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2022).

  • Operative differences for posterior spinal fusion after vertebral body tethering: Are we fusing more levels in the end?; European Spine Journal; (2022).

  • When successful, anterior vertebral body tethering (VBT) induces differential segmental growth of vertebrae: an in vivo study of 51 patients and 764 vertebrae; Spine Deformity; (2022).

  • 1- vs. 2-year follow-up after posterior spinal fusion for AIS: what additional information is gained?; Spine Deformity; (2022).

  • Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering Compared with Posterior Spinal Fusion for Major Thoracic Curves: A Retrospective Comparison by the Harms Study Group; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery; (2022).

  • Are patients who return for 10-year follow-up after AIS surgery different from those who do not?; Spine Deformity; (2022).

  • Best Practice Guidelines for Surgical Site Infection in High-risk Pediatric Spine Surgery: Definition, Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2022).

  • Body mass index affects outcomes after vertebral body tethering surgery; Spine Deformity; (2022).

  • Cerebral palsy; The Growing Spine: Management of Spinal Disorders in Young Children: Third Edition; (2022).

  • Definitive fusion for scoliosis in late juvenile cerebral palsy patients is durable at 5 years postoperatively; Spine deformity; (2022).

  • Does the presence of programmable implanted devices in patients with early onset scoliosis alter typical operative and postoperative practices? A survey of spine surgeons; Spine Deformity; (2022).

  • Lengthening Behavior of Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods in Early-Onset Scoliosis: A Multicenter Study; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery; (2022).

  • Prevalence of junctional kyphosis in early-onset scoliosis: can it be corrected at final fusion?; European Spine Journal; (2021).

  • Including the stable sagittal vertebra in the fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis reduces the risk of distal junctional kyphosis in Lenke 1–3 B and C curves; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • Long-term Patient Perception Following Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis if Dissatisfied at 2-year Follow-up; Spine; (2021).

  • Machine Learning Predicts the 3D Outcomes of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery Using Patient-Surgeon Specific Parameters; Spine; (2021).

  • Microdose protocol stereoradiography has similar reliability to standard low-dose protocol during concurrent Sanders skeletal maturity staging; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • New neurologic deficit and recovery rates in the treatment of complex pediatric spine deformities exceeding 100 degrees or treated by vertebral column resection (VCR); Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • Percutaneous lumbar pedicle fixation in young children with flexion-distraction injury—case report and operative technique; Child's Nervous System; (2021).

  • Radiographic Coronal Imbalance and Shoulder Asymmetry Continue to Improve between 2 and 5 Years following Surgery of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2021).

  • What is the effect of intraoperative traction on correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS)?; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • Risk factors for gastrointestinal complications after spinal fusion in children with cerebral palsy; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • Risk factors for the development of DJK in AIS patients undergoing posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • Specific sagittal alignment patterns are already present in mild adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; European Spine Journal; (2021).

  • The role of traditional growing rods in the era of magnetically controlled growing rods for the treatment of early-onset scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • What are parents willing to accept? A prospective study of risk tolerance in AIS surgery; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • What happens to the unfused upper thoracic curve after posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?; Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics; (2021).

  • Growth-preserving instrumentation in early-onset scoliosis patients with multi-level congenital anomalies; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • Growth-friendly spinal instrumentation in marfan syndrome achieves sustained gains in thoracic height amidst high rates of implant failure; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2021).

  • Early and late hospital readmissions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • Does thoracoplasty adversely affect lung function in complex pediatric spine deformity? A 2-year follow-up review; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • Comparison of different strategies on three-dimensional correction of AIS: which plane will suffer?; European Spine Journal; (2021).

  • Congenital scoliosis of the pediatric cervical spine: Characterization of a 17-patient operative cohort; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2021).

  • Discovering the association between the pre- and post-operative 3D spinal curve patterns in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2021).

  • Restoration of Thoracic Kyphosis in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Over a Twenty-year Period: Are We Getting Better?; Spine; (2020).

  • Preoperative SRS pain score is the primary predictor of postoperative pain after surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: an observational retrospective study of pain outcomes from a registry of 1744 patients with a mean follow-up of 3.4 years; European Spine Journal; (2020).

  • Proximal anchor fixation in magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR): preliminary 2-year results of the impact of anchor location and density; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • Growth-preserving instrumentation in early-onset scoliosis patients with multi-level congenital anomalies; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • Characterizing Use of Growth-friendly Implants for Early-onset Scoliosis: A 10-Year Update; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2020).

  • Comparing short-term AIS post-operative complications between ACS-NSQIP and a surgeon study group; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • Do seizures compromise correction maintenance after spinal fusion in cerebral palsy scoliosis?; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics Part B; (2020).

  • Fusions ending above the sagittal stable vertebrae in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: does it matter?; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • Growth guidance constructs with apical fusion and sliding pedicle screws (SHILLA) results in approximately 1/3rd of normal T1–S1 growth; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • Impact of Pregnancy on Loss of Deformity Correction After Pedicle Screw Instrumentation for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; World Neurosurgery; (2020).

  • Prolonged Postoperative Intubation after Spinal Fusion in Cerebral Palsy: Are There Modifiable Risk Factors and Associated Consequences?; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2020).

  • Is Anterior Release Obsolete or Does It Play a Role in Contemporary Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery? A Matched Pair Analysis; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2020).

  • MRI utilization and rates of abnormal pretreatment MRI findings in early-onset scoliosis: review of a global cohort; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • Major complications following surgical correction of spine deformity in 257 patients with cerebral palsy; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • Of Major Complication Types, only Deep Infections after Spinal Fusion Are Associated with Worse Health-related Outcomes in Children with Cerebral Palsy; Spine; (2020).

  • Outcomes of pregnancy in operative vs. nonoperative adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients at mean 30-year follow-up; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • Posterior Correction Techniques for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; (2020).

  • BMI change following spinal fusion for neuromuscular scoliosis surgery; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • The patient generated index and decision regret in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • Virtual musculoskeletal examination using telemedicine; Telemedicine in Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine: Development and Implementation in Practice; (2020).

  • Changes in the Position of the Junctional Vertebrae after Posterior Spinal Fusion in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Implication in Risk Assessment of Proximal Junctional Kyphosis Development; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2020).

  • Selecting the "Touched Vertebra" as the Lowest Instrumented Vertebra in Patients with Lenke Type-1 and 2 Curves: Radiographic Results After a Minimum 5-Year Follow-up; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery; (2020).

  • Cervical kyphosis: A predominant feature of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta type 5; Bone Reports; (2020).

  • Associations between three-dimensional measurements of the spinal deformity and preoperative SRS-22 scores in patients undergoing surgery for major thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2020).

  • Progressive decline in pulmonary function 5 years post-operatively in patients who underwent anterior instrumentation for surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; European Spine Journal; (2019).

  • Sagittal Spinopelvic Parameters in Children With Achondroplasia; Spine Deformity; (2019).

  • Surgical and health-related quality-of-life outcomes of growing rod "graduates" with severe versus moderate early-onset scoliosis; Spine; (2019).

  • The Pros and Cons of Operating Early Versus Late in the Progression of Cerebral Palsy Scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2019).

  • The Role of Cross-Links in Posterior Spinal Fusion for Cerebral Palsy-Related Scoliosis; Spine; (2019).

  • Treatment of scoliosis in osteogenesis imperfecta: Experience at a single institution; Indian Spine Journal; (2019).

  • Two Surgeon Approach for Complex Spine Surgery: Rationale, Outcome, Expectations, and the Case for Payment Reform; Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; (2019).

  • The Effect of the Level of Training of the First Assistant on the Outcomes of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery; (2019).

  • Analysis of shoulder complex function after posterior spinal fusion in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2019).

  • Bracing in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Trial (BrAIST): Development and Validation of a Prognostic Model in Untreated Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Using the Simplified Skeletal Maturity System; Spine Deformity; (2019).

  • Biomechanical Comparison of the Load-Sharing Capacity of High and Low Implant Density Constructs With Three Types of Pedicle Screws for the Instrumentation of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2019).

  • Comparison of Intended Lengthening of Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods: Ultrasound Versus X-Ray; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2019).

  • Do All Patients With Cerebral Palsy Require Postoperative Intensive Care Admission After Spinal Fusion?; Spine Deformity; (2019).

  • Early Onset Scoliosis: Is there an Improvement in Quality of Life with Conversion from Traditional Growing Rods to Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods?; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2019).

  • Evaluation of Gabapentin and Clonidine Use in Children Following Spinal Fusion Surgery for Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Retrospective Review; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2019).

  • Factors associated with surgical approach and outcomes in cerebral palsy scoliosis; European Spine Journal; (2019).

  • Back Pain and Outcomes of Pregnancy After Instrumented Spinal Fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; World Neurosurgery; (2019).

  • Ten-Year Outcomes of Selective Fusions for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery; (2019).

  • Obesity Is Associated With Increased Thoracic Kyphosis in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients and Nonscoliotic Adolescents; Spine Deformity; (2019).

  • Thoracic Lordosis, Especially in Males, Increases Blood Loss in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2019).

  • Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Pediatric Orthopedic Perspective; Orthopedic Clinics of North America; (2019).

  • Improving Complex Pediatric and Adult Spine Care While Embracing the Value Equation; Spine Deformity; (2019).

  • L3 translation predicts when L3 is not distal enough for an “ideal” result in Lenke 5 curves; European Spine Journal; (2019).

  • Major Complications at Two Years After Surgery Impact SRS Scores for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients; Spine Deformity; (2019).

  • Outcomes of growing rod surgery for severe compared with moderate early-onset scoliosis: A matched comparative study; Bone and Joint Journal; (2018).

  • Erratum: Intraoperative traction may be a viable alternative to anterior surgery in cerebral palsy scoliosis ≥100 degrees (Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics (2018) 38 (e278-e284) DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000001151); Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2018).

  • Evolution of Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis over 20 Years; Spine; (2018).

  • In Search of the Ever-Elusive Postoperative Shoulder Balance: Is the T2 UIV the Key?*; Spine Deformity; (2018).

  • Intraoperative CT Scan Verification of Pedicle Screw Placement in AIS to Prevent Malpositioned Screws: Safety Benefit and Cost; Spine Deformity; (2018).

  • Intraoperative Traction May Be a Viable Alternative to Anterior Surgery in Cerebral Palsy Scoliosis ≥100 Degrees; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2018).

  • Introduction; The Management of Disorders of the Child's Cervical Spine; (2018).

  • Quality of Life Improvement Following Surgery in Adolescent Spinal Deformity Patients: A Comparison Between Scheuermann Kyphosis and Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis*; Spine Deformity; (2018).

  • Early-Onset Spinal Deformity in Skeletal Dysplasias: A Multicenter Study of Growth-Friendly Systems; Spine Deformity; (2018).

  • Raising Mean Arterial Pressure Alone Restores 20% of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Losses; Spine; (2018).

  • Reciprocal Changes in Sagittal Alignment With Operative Treatment of Adolescent Scheuermann Kyphosis—Prospective Evaluation of 96 Patients; Spine Deformity; (2018).

  • Selective thoracic fusion of a left decompensated main thoracic curve: proceed with caution?; European Spine Journal; (2018).

  • Shoulder Complex Mechanics in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Their Relation to Patient-perceived Function; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2018).

  • Surgeon Survey Shows No Adverse Events With MRI in Patients With Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods (MCGRs); Spine Deformity; (2018).

  • The management of disorders of the child's cervical spine; The Management of Disorders of the Child's Cervical Spine; (2018).

  • Early-onset scoliosis in skeletal dysplasia; Early Onset Scoliosis: A Clinical Casebook; (2018).

  • Disc Degeneration in Unfused Caudal Motion Segments Ten Years Following Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2018).

  • A Detailed Comparative Analysis of Anterior Versus Posterior Approach to Lenke 5C Curves; Spine; (2018).

  • Antifibrinolytic therapy in surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Does the level 1 evidence translate to practice?; Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Diseases; (2018).

  • Assessing the risk-benefit ratio of scoliosis surgery in cerebral palsy: Surgery is worth it; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume; (2018).

  • Basilar impression in osteogenesis imperfecta treated with staged halo traction and posterior decompression with short-segment fusion; Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine; (2018).

  • Caregiver perceptions and health-related quality-of-life changes in cerebral palsy patients after spinal arthrodesis; Spine; (2018).

  • Critical airway stenosis in an adolescent male with pompe disease and thoracic lordosis: A case report; 100 Selected Case Reports from Anesthesia and Analgesia; (2018).

  • Thoracoplasty for Rib Deformity; Operative Techniques: Spine Surgery; (2018).

  • To the editor; Spine; (2018).

  • A Normative Baseline for the Srs-22 from over 1000 Healthy Adolescents in India; Spine; (2017).

  • Epidural pneumorrhachis causing intraoperative loss of motor potentials during instrumented fusion for scoliosis: A case report; JBJS Case Connector; (2017).

  • Recurrence of Deep Surgical Site Infection in Cerebral Palsy After Spinal Fusion Is Rare; Spine Deformity; (2017).

  • Resource Utilization in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery: Is There Opportunity for Standardization?; Spine Deformity; (2017).

  • Risk Factors of Proximal Junctional Kyphosis in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis—The Pelvis and Other Considerations; Spine Deformity; (2017).

  • Rod fracture and lengthening intervals in traditional growing rods: is there a relationship?; European Spine Journal; (2017).

  • Safety of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Major Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study; World Journal of Surgery; (2017).

  • The spine in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta; Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; (2017).

  • Performing a Definitive Fusion in Juvenile CP Patients is a Good Surgical Option; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2017).

  • Factors in Surgical Decision Making for Thoracolumbar/Lumbar AIS: It's about More Than Just the Curve Magnitude; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2017).

  • Incidence of and Risk Factors for Loss of 1 Blood Volume during Spinal Fusion Surgery in Patients with Cerebral Palsy; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2017).

  • MRI Screening in Operative Scheuermann Kyphosis: Is it Necessary?; Spine Deformity; (2017).

  • Paper #34: Treatment of Severe Early Onset Scoliosis using Distraction Based Spinal Instrumentation : A matched comparative study; Spine deformity; (2017).

  • Paper #36: Multi-level Congenital Deformities in Early Onset Scoliosis: Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes in Growth Friendly Graduates; Spine deformity; (2017).

  • Paper #43: A Multi-Center Assessment of Neurological Changes in Distraction-Based Surgery for Early-Onset Scoliosis; Spine deformity; (2017).

  • Perioperative and Delayed Major Complications Following Surgical Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume; (2017).

  • Are we prescribing our patients too much pain medication?: Best predictors of narcotic usage after spinal surgery for scoliosis; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume; (2016).

  • Posterior spinal fusion with pedicle screws in patients with idiopathic scoliosis and open triradiate cartilage: Does deformity progression occur?; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2016).

  • Erratum: Pelvic Obliquity after Spinopelvic Fixation in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Comparison Study with Minimum Two-Year Follow-up; Spine Deformity; (2016).

  • Comparison of direct pars repair techniques of spondylolysis in pediatric and adolescent patients: Pars compression screw versus pedicle screw-rod-hook; Clinical Spine Surgery; (2016).

  • Avoidance of "final" surgical fusion after growing-rod treatment for early-onset scoliosis; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume; (2016).

  • Preoperative halo-gravity traction with and without thoracoscopic anterior release for skeletal dysplasia patients with severe kyphoscoliosis; Journal of Children's Orthopaedics; (2016).

  • Subclassification of GMFCS level-5 cerebral palsy as a predictor of complications and health-related quality of life after spinal arthrodesis; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume; (2016).

  • The 2015 American-British-canadian traveling fellows report; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume; (2016).

  • The Effect of Growing Rod Treatment on Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Levels in Early-onset Scoliosis; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2016).

  • What would be the annual cost savings if fewer screws were used in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treatment in the US?; Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine; (2016).

  • Evaluation and Diagnosis of Back Pain in Children and Adolescents; Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; (2016).

  • Major perioperative complications after spine surgery in patients with cerebral palsy: assessment of risk factors; European Spine Journal; (2016).

  • Introduction; Seminars in Spine Surgery; (2015).

  • Although Inconvenient, Baclofen Pumps Do Not Complicate Scoliosis Surgery in Patients with Cerebral Palsy; Spine; (2015).

  • Body Mass Index in Adolescent Spinal Deformity: Comparison of Scheuermann's Kyphosis, Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, and Normal Controls; Spine Deformity; (2015).

  • Clinical relevance of echocardiogram in patients with cerebral palsy undergoing posterior spinal fusion; Paediatric Anaesthesia; (2015).

  • Complications in Operative Scheuermann Kyphosis: Do the Pitfalls Differ from Operative Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis?; Spine; (2015).

  • Deep Wound Infections after Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery; Spine Deformity; (2015).

  • Do ponte osteotomies enhance correction in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? an analysis of 191 lenke 1A and 1B curves; Spine Deformity; (2015).

  • Electronic monitoring of orthopedic brace compliance; Journal of Children's Orthopaedics; (2015).

  • Impact of surgical waiting-list times on scoliosis surgery: The surgeon's perspective; Spine; (2015).

  • Natural sagittal spino-pelvic alignment in boys and girls before, at and after the adolescent growth spurt; European Spine Journal; (2015).

  • Management of operative blood loss in spinal deformity surgery; Current Orthopaedic Practice; (2015).

  • Treatment of spinal deformity in cerebral palsy; The Growing Spine: Management of Spinal Disorders in Young Children, Second Edition; (2015).

  • The assessment and treatment of high-grade lumbosacral spondylolisthesis and spondyloptosis in children and young adults; JBJS Reviews; (2015).

  • Surgical techniques: Spondylolysis repair; Spondylolisthesis: Diagnosis, Non-Surgical Management, and Surgical Techniques; (2015).

  • Prediction of curve progression in idiopathic scoliosis: Validation of the sanders skeletal maturity staging system; Spine; (2015).

  • Prophylactic methylprednisolone to reduce inflammation and improve outcomes from one lung ventilation in children: A randomized clinical trial; Paediatric Anaesthesia; (2015).

  • Response to comments by Yibo et al. regarding our manuscript: Prophylactic methylprednisolone to reduce inflammation and improve outcomes from one lung ventilation in children: A randomized clinical trial; Paediatric Anaesthesia; (2015).

  • Sagittal spinopelvic parameters in scheuermann's kyphosis: A preliminary study; Spine Deformity; (2015).

  • Smaller body size increases the percentage of blood volume lost during posterior spinal arthrodesis; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume; (2015).

  • Nonoperative treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Seminars in Spine Surgery; (2015).

  • The Effect of Time and Fusion Length on Motion of the Unfused Lumbar Segments in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2015).

  • An Independent evaluation of the validity of a DNA-based prognostic test for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume; (2014).

  • Body image in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Validation of the body image disturbance questionnaire-scoliosis version; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery; (2014).

  • Best practices in intraoperative neuromonitoring in spine deformity surgery: Development of an intraoperative checklist to optimize response; Spine Deformity; (2014).

  • A comprehensive review of thoracic deformity parameters in scoliosis; European Spine Journal; (2014).

  • Differences in early sagittal plane alignment between thoracic and lumbar adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Spine Journal; (2014).

  • Improvement of pulmonary function in children with early-onset scoliosis using magnetic growth rods; Spine; (2014).

  • The effect of serial growing rod lengthening on the sagittal profile and pelvic parameters in early-onset scoliosis; Spine; (2014).

  • Nighttime bracing versus observation for early adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2014).

  • Occipitocervical fusion in skeletal dysplasia: A new surgical technique; Spine; (2014).

  • Preface and introduction; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2014).

  • Preoperative pulmonary function in patients with operative Scheuermann kyphosis; Spine Deformity; (2014).

  • Simplifi ed skeletal maturity scoring system: Learning curve and methods to improve reliability; Spine; (2014).

  • Surgical treatment of scoliosis in osteogenesis imperfecta with cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation; Journal of Spinal Disorders and Techniques; (2014).

  • The effect of surgeon experience on outcomes of surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American Volume; (2014).

  • Distraction-based treatment maintains predicted thoracic dimensions in early-onset scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2014).

  • Effectiveness of cross-linking posterior segmental instrumentation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A 2-year follow-up comparative study; Spine Journal; (2013).

  • Growth-sparing spinal instrumentation in skeletal dysplasia; Spine; (2013).

  • Ponte osteotomies with pedicle screw instrumentation in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2013).

  • Surgical site infection in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery; Spine Deformity; (2013).

  • Are more screws better? A systematic review of anchor density and curve correction in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Spine Deformity; (2013).

  • Building consensus: Development of a best practice guideline (BPG) for surgical site infection (SSI) prevention in high-risk pediatric spine surgery; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2013).

  • Casting for infantile scoliosis: The pitfall of increased peak inspiratory pressure; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2013).

  • Complications after 147 consecutive vertebral column resections for severe pediatric spinal deformity: A multicenter analysis; Spine; (2013).

  • Deep wound infections after spinal fusion in children with cerebral palsy: A prospective cohort study; Spine; (2013).

  • Disruption of Basal Lamina Components in Neuromotor Synapses of Children with Spastic Quadriplegic Cerebral Palsy; PLoS ONE; (2013).

  • Effect of sports modification on clinical outcome in children and adolescent athletes with symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis; American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; (2013).

  • Effect of spinal deformity on adolescent quality of life: Comparison of operative scheuermann kyphosis, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, and normal controls; Spine; (2013).

  • Five-year clinical and radiographic outcomes using pedicle screw only constructs in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; European Spine Journal; (2013).

  • The cervical spine and skeletal dysplasia; The Cervical Spine: Fifth Edition; (2012).

  • Antifibrinolytic agents reduce blood loss during pediatric vertebral column resection procedures; Spine; (2012).

  • Are antifibrinolytics helpful in decreasing blood loss and transfusions during spinal fusion surgery in children with cerebral palsy scoliosis?; Spine; (2012).

  • Comparative analysis of hook, hybrid, and pedicle screw instrumentation in the posterior treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2012).

  • Multivariate analysis of factors associated with kyphosis maintenance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Spine; (2012).

  • Wrist fusion in patients with severe quadriplegic cerebral palsy; Musculoskeletal Surgery; (2012).

  • Outcomes of posterior titanium spinal instrumentation in neuromuscular scoliosis patients; Eklem Hastaliklari ve Cerrahisi; (2012).

  • Postoperative segmental motion of the unfused spine distal to the fusion in 100 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Spine; (2012).

  • Preoperative Evaluation and Decreasing Errors in Pediatric Spine Surgery; Spine Deformity; (2012).

  • Spinal deformity correction in Marfan syndrome versus adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Learning from the differences; Spine; (2012).

  • Thoracoplasty for Rib Deformity; Operative Techniques: Spine Surgery, Second Edition; (2012).

  • Vertebral column resection in children with neuromuscular spine deformity; Spine; (2012).

  • Growing rods for the treatment of scoliosis in children with cerebral palsy: A critical assessment; Spine; (2012).

  • Effectiveness and safety of posterior titanium instrumentation in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A prospective study; Eklem Hastaliklari ve Cerrahisi; (2011).

  • Apical vertebral rotation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Comparison of uniplanar and polyaxial pedicle screws; Journal of Spinal Disorders and Techniques; (2011).

  • Do discs "open" anteriorly with posterior-only correction of Scheuermann's kyphosis?; Spine; (2011).

  • Efficacy of hemivertebra resection for congenital scoliosis: A multicenter retrospective comparison of three surgical techniques; Spine; (2011).

  • Growing rod fractures: Risk factors and opportunities for prevention; Spine; (2011).

  • In vivo distraction force and length measurements of growing rods: Which factors influence the ability to lengthen?; Spine; (2011).

  • Lengthening of dual growing rods and the law of diminishing returns; Spine; (2011).

  • Osteochondrosis: Common causes of pain in growing bones; American Family Physician; (2011).

  • Transcranial electric motor evoked potential monitoring during spine surgery: Is it safe?; Spine; (2011).

  • Treatment of spinal deformity in cerebral palsy; The Growing Spine: Management of Spinal Disorders in Young Children; (2010).

  • Complications of growing-rod treatment for early-onset scoliosis: Analysis of one hundred and forty patients; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery; (2010).

  • Complications of intrathecal baclofen pump therapy in pediatric patients; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2010).

  • Evaluation of proximal junctional kyphosis in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis following pedicle screw, hook, or hybrid instrumentation; Spine; (2010).

  • Growing rods for spinal deformity: Characterizing consensus and variation in current use; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2010).

  • Infection rate after spine surgery in cerebral palsy is high and impairs results: Multicenter analysis of risk factors and treatment; Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research; (2010).

  • Minimizing complications with single submuscular growing rods: A review of technique and results on 88 patients with minimum two-year follow-up; Spine; (2010).

  • Operative and clinical markers of deep wound infection after spine fusion in children with cerebral palsy; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2010).

  • Can a bone marrow-based graft replacement result in similar fusion rates as Rib autograft in anterior interbody fusion procedures for adolescent thoracolumbar scoliosis?; Journal of Spinal Disorders and Techniques; (2010).

  • Grading apical vertebral rotation without a computed tomography scan: A clinically relevant system based on the radiographic appearance of bilateral pedicle screws; Spine; (2009).

  • Neurologic risk in growing rod spine surgery in early onset scoliosis: Is neuromonitoring necessary for all cases?; Spine; (2009).

  • Scoliosis surgery in cerebral palsy: Differences between unit rod and custom rods; Spine; (2009).

  • Treatment of thoracic scoliosis: Are monoaxial thoracic pedicle screws the best form of fixation for correction?; Spine; (2009).

  • Operative Treatment of Neuromuscular Spinal Deformity; Surgical Management of Spinal Deformities; (2009).

  • Operative Treatment of Neuromuscular Spinal Deformity; Surgical Management of Spinal Deformities; (2008).

  • Antibiotic-loaded allograft decreases the rate of acute deep wound infection after spinal fusion in cerebral palsy; Spine; (2008).

  • Baclofen pump implantation and spinal fusion in children: Techniques and complications; Spine; (2008).

  • Difficult thoracic pedicle screw placement in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Journal of Spinal Disorders and Techniques; (2008).

  • Multiple osteochondritis dissecans lesions within the knee of an immature gymnast on growth hormone supplementation; Current Orthopaedic Practice; (2008).

  • Neurophysiological detection of impending spinal cord injury during scoliosis surgery; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery; (2007).

  • Patient presentation and management of labial ulceration following uterine artery embolization; CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology; (2007).

  • The risk of progression of scoliosis in cerebral palsy patients after intrathecal baclofen therapy; Spine; (2007).

  • Thoracoplasty for Rib Deformity; Operative Techniques: Spine Surgery; (2007).

  • Derotation of the Spine; Neurosurgery Clinics of North America; (2007).

  • The associated effects of untreated unilateral hip dislocation in cerebral palsy scoliosis; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2006).

  • Low back pain in pediatric athletes with unilateral tracer uptake at the pars interarticularis on single photon emission computed tomography; Spine; (2006).

  • Loss of coronal correction following instrumentation removal in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Spine; (2006).

  • 2005 Scoliosis Research Society Asian Traveling Fellowship: report to the Education Committee.; Spine; (2006).

  • Dynamic scapholunate dissociation in a child.; Hand surgery : an international journal devoted to hand and upper limb surgery and related research : journal of the Asia-Pacific Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand; (2006).

  • OPINION: Elastic intramedullary nails; Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma; (2006).

  • Lumbar spondylolysis in pediatric and adolescent soccer players; American Journal of Sports Medicine; (2005).

  • Cytokine Release, Pancreatic Injury, and Risk of Acute Pancreatitis after Spinal Fusion Surgery; Digestive Diseases and Sciences; (2004).

  • Tension-sided femoral neck stress fracture in a skeletally immature patient: A case report; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery; (2004).

  • The duPont kyphosis brace for the treatment of adolescent Scheuermann kyphosis.; Journal of the Southern Orthopaedic Association; (2003).

  • Acquired atlantoaxial instability in children with spastic cerebral palsy; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (2003).

  • Multimodality monitoring of transcranial electric motor and somatosensory-evoked potentials during surgical correction of spinal deformity in patients with cerebral palsy and other neuromuscular disorders; Spine; (2003).

  • Preserving ambulatory potential in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy who undergo spinal fusion using unit rod instrumentation; Spine; (2003).

  • Transphyseal fracture-dislocation of the femoral neck: A case report and review of the literature; Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma; (2003).

  • The effect of a 5-day space flight on the immature rat spine; Spine Journal; (2002).

  • Complications of blade plate removal; Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics; (1999).

  • Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction as a cause of acquired flatfoot in adults.; Delaware medical journal; (1997).

  • Simultaneous bilateral versus unilateral total knee arthroplasty: Outcomes analysis; Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research; (1997).

  • Surface composition of orthopaedic implant metals regulates cell attachment, spreading, and cytoskeletal organization of primary human osteoblasts in vitro; Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research; (1994).

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